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Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery for Abdominal Trauma: A Case-Matched Study.

Mario E Trejo-Ávila1, Carlos Valenzuela-Salazar1, Jessica Betancourt-Ferreyra1

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Summary

Laparoscopic surgery for abdominal trauma offers faster recovery and shorter hospital stays compared to open surgery. This minimally invasive approach is safe and effective for hemodynamically stable patients.

Keywords:
abdominal traumablunt traumadiagnostic laparoscopy in traumalaparoscopypenetrating trauma

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Area of Science:

  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Laparoscopic surgery adoption in abdominal emergencies, including trauma, has been slow.
  • Potential benefits include reduced postoperative pain, accelerated recovery, and fewer wound complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare outcomes between laparoscopic and open surgery for abdominal trauma (blunt or penetrating).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective comparison of 19 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery versus 19 patients undergoing open surgery for abdominal trauma.
  • Patients were matched 1:1 for key demographic and clinical variables.
  • Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Laparoscopic surgery demonstrated significantly shorter operative times (93.3 vs. 134.2 min) and less estimated blood loss (100 vs. 600 mL).
  • Patients in the laparoscopic group experienced a faster return to a normal diet (1.6 vs. 2.4 days) and shorter hospital length of stay (LOS) (3.8 vs. 5.6 days).
  • No significant difference in 30-day mortality was observed between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Laparoscopic surgery is a safe and technically feasible option for hemodynamically stable patients with abdominal trauma.
  • The study supports laparoscopic surgery for abdominal trauma due to shorter operative times, reduced blood loss, and improved recovery metrics.