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Pneumonia in the immunocompromised child.

W T Hughes1

  • 1Department of Child Health Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101.

Seminars in Respiratory Infections
|September 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals has unique causes like cytomegalovirus and Pneumocystis carinii. Definitive diagnosis often requires invasive procedures, and identifying these pneumonias signals potential underlying immunodeficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Immunocompromised hosts are susceptible to specific types of pneumonia.
  • Identifying these infections is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the distinct causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and implications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common and infrequent causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised populations.
  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches, including invasive procedures.

Main Results:

  • Frequent causes include cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis carinii, Candida, and Aspergillus.

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  • Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia is recognized in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
  • Infrequent causes encompass a range of opportunistic pathogens and viruses.
  • Varicella-zoster pneumonitis is an exception to the need for invasive diagnosis.

    • Conclusions:

    • Pneumonia in immunocompromised patients presents with unique etiologies.
    • Diagnosis often necessitates invasive procedures like open lung biopsy.
    • Detection of these pneumonias strongly suggests an underlying immunodeficiency disorder.