Summary
Dental procedures can injure the trigeminal nerve branches. This review covers causes, prevention, referral, and treatment of 3200 such injuries managed over 30 years.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Neurology
- Dental Anesthesiology
Background:
- Dental treatments frequently risk injury to the oral branches of the trigeminal nerve.
- Common causes include local anesthetic injections, endodontic procedures, and surgical interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the etiology and prevention of trigeminal nerve injuries in dentistry.
- To establish referral criteria for patients with these injuries.
- To discuss treatment modalities and outcomes for various types of nerve damage.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of a 30-year experience at a referral center.
- Review of 3200 cases of trigeminal nerve injury related to dental procedures.
- Categorization of injuries by etiology, treatment, and outcome.
Main Results:
- Identified local anesthetic injections, root canal therapy, implant placement, bone grafting, and dentoalveolar surgery as primary causes.
- Detailed criteria for patient referral to specialized centers.
- Outlined diverse treatment strategies based on injury type.
Conclusions:
- Trigeminal nerve injuries are a significant complication of various dental treatments.
- Prompt and appropriate management, guided by clear referral criteria, is crucial for successful outcomes.
- Long-term data from a high-volume referral center provide valuable insights into managing these complex injuries.
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