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Neonatal dilated cardiomyopathy

Paulo Soares1, Gustavo Rocha1, Susana Pissarra1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Revista Portuguesa De Cardiologia : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade Portuguesa De Cardiologia = Portuguese Journal of Cardiology : an Official Journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology
|March 4, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Dilated cardiomyopathy, a common heart muscle disease in children, often presents in infants. This review details its causes, diagnosis via echocardiography, and genetic factors, offering insights into management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Cardiovascular Diseases

Background:

  • Cardiomyopathies are rare heart muscle diseases with diverse causes and phenotypes, invariably leading to cardiac dysfunction.
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most frequent type in children, with most cases diagnosed before age one.
  • Etiologies include acquired factors like myocarditis and genetic predispositions, with inherited forms seen in 25-50% of patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of dilated cardiomyopathy in newborns.
  • To detail the classification, epidemiology, and management strategies.
  • To present an updated overview of genetic studies and echocardiographic assessments for this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on dilated cardiomyopathy in pediatric populations.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including echocardiographic and tissue Doppler studies.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on genetic etiologies and management protocols.

Main Results:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by left ventricular dilatation and global hypokinesis.
  • Echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging are primary diagnostic tools.
  • Genetic factors play a significant role in a substantial proportion of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy in newborns requires thorough evaluation of both acquired and genetic factors.
  • Accurate echocardiographic assessment is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • Understanding genetic underpinnings is key to advancing treatment and prognosis.

Keywords:
AbordagemAvaliação ecocardiográficaCardiomiopatia dilatadaDilated cardiomyopathyEchocardiographic evaluationEstudo genéticoGenetic studiesManagementNeonatal

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