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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

687
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
687
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

722
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
722
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

588
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
588
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

688
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
688
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

558
Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
558
Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management01:29

Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management

427
Assessment: Nursing management of patients with cardiomyopathy begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's history, including a family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden cardiac death, personal history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and any alcohol consumption or drug use.During the physical examination, assess vital signs, look for signs of heart failure (such as edema, jugular venous distention, and cyanosis), auscultate for abnormal heart sounds (like murmurs and gallops),...
427

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A Doxorubicin-Induced Murine Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy In Vivo
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Neonatal dilated cardiomyopathy.

Paulo Soares1, Gustavo Rocha1, Susana Pissarra1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Hospital of São João, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Revista Portuguesa De Cardiologia : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade Portuguesa De Cardiologia = Portuguese Journal of Cardiology : an Official Journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology
|March 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dilated cardiomyopathy, a common heart muscle disease in children, often presents in infants. This review details its causes, diagnosis via echocardiography, and genetic factors, offering insights into management.

Keywords:
AbordagemAvaliação ecocardiográficaCardiomiopatia dilatadaDilated cardiomyopathyEchocardiographic evaluationEstudo genéticoGenetic studiesManagementNeonatal

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Cardiovascular Diseases

Background:

  • Cardiomyopathies are rare heart muscle diseases with diverse causes and phenotypes, invariably leading to cardiac dysfunction.
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most frequent type in children, with most cases diagnosed before age one.
  • Etiologies include acquired factors like myocarditis and genetic predispositions, with inherited forms seen in 25-50% of patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of dilated cardiomyopathy in newborns.
  • To detail the classification, epidemiology, and management strategies.
  • To present an updated overview of genetic studies and echocardiographic assessments for this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on dilated cardiomyopathy in pediatric populations.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including echocardiographic and tissue Doppler studies.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on genetic etiologies and management protocols.

Main Results:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by left ventricular dilatation and global hypokinesis.
  • Echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging are primary diagnostic tools.
  • Genetic factors play a significant role in a substantial proportion of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy in newborns requires thorough evaluation of both acquired and genetic factors.
  • Accurate echocardiographic assessment is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • Understanding genetic underpinnings is key to advancing treatment and prognosis.