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Transportable Optical Lattice Clock with 7×10^{-17} Uncertainty.

S B Koller1, J Grotti1, St Vogt1

  • 1Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|March 4, 2017
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Summary

We developed a transportable optical clock (TOC) using strontium-87 (Sr-87). This clock achieves unprecedented low uncertainty and instability, paving the way for redefining the SI second and advancing fundamental science experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Metrology
  • Geodesy

Background:

  • Optical atomic clocks offer superior precision over microwave clocks.
  • Transportable optical clocks are crucial for disseminating precise time scales and enabling new scientific applications.
  • Existing transportable clocks have limitations in uncertainty and instability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a highly stable and accurate transportable optical clock (TOC) using strontium-87 (Sr-87).
  • To assess the TOC's performance for applications like chronometric leveling and intercontinental clock comparisons.
  • To demonstrate the potential for reducing systematic uncertainty to below 1x10^-17.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a Sr-87 based transportable optical clock.
  • Characterization of the TOC against a stationary lattice clock.
  • Autonomous operation in a climate-controlled vehicle trailer.
  • Evaluation for chronometric leveling and clock network applications.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a systematic uncertainty of 7.4x10^-17, currently limited by statistical fluctuations.
  • Demonstrated an instability of 1.3x10^-15/sqrt[τ].
  • Confirmed potential to reduce systematic uncertainty below 1x10^-17.
  • Reported best-in-class uncertainties and instabilities for a transportable clock.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Sr-87 TOC represents a significant advancement in portable high-precision timekeeping.
  • The clock is suitable for demanding applications including chronometric leveling and global optical clock synchronization.
  • This technology is a key step towards space-borne optical clocks and a redefinition of the SI second.