Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aquaporins01:25

Aquaporins

6.7K
Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.
6.7K
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution01:20

Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution

1.1K
The kidneys concentrate or dilute urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. Nephrons, particularly the loop of Henle, play a crucial role in this process through the countercurrent multiplication system. This system establishes a high osmolarity in the renal medulla, which is essential for water reabsorption. In the loop of Henle’s descending limb, water is reabsorbed into the surrounding medulla due to its permeability to water. In contrast, the ascending limb actively transports...
1.1K
Reabsorption and Secretion in the DCT and Collecting Duct01:26

Reabsorption and Secretion in the DCT and Collecting Duct

3.7K
The early phase of the DCT manages the reabsorption of approximately 10-15% of filtered water, 5–10% of filtered sodium, and 5–10% of filtered chloride. This process is facilitated by Na+–Cl− symporters in apical membranes and sodium-potassium pumps, as well as Cl− leakage channels in basolateral membranes. The early DCT also stands out as a site where parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates calcium reabsorption, depending on the body's requirements.
The distal...
3.7K
Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion01:22

Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

1.7K
The kidneys maintain homeostasis through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Tubular reabsorption and secretion are crucial in forming urine and regulating electrolytes, water balance, and waste elimination.Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion ProcessesTubular reabsorption is the process that reclaims essential substances such as electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and water from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream. This is achieved through passive and active transport...
1.7K
Regulation of Water Output01:26

Regulation of Water Output

2.5K
The human body predominantly expels water through the urinary system. On average, an individual generates around 1.5 liters of urine each day. This amount can fluctuate based on how well a person is hydrated, but a critical minimum quantity of urine must be produced to ensure the body's proper functioning. Daily, the kidneys remove 600 to 1200 milliosmoles of dissolved substances, effectively excreting excess minerals and water-soluble toxins such as creatinine, urea, and uric acid from the...
2.5K
Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration01:29

Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration

1.2K
The kidneys are vital organs responsible for regulating blood filtration, waste excretion, and fluid balance, all of which are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Renal physiology examines renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and urine formation, ensuring the body’s internal environment remains stable.Renal Blood FlowThe kidneys receive about 20-25% of the cardiac output, typically around 1200 mL of blood per minute in an average adult. Blood flows into the kidneys through the renal...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

5-Acetyl-N-(1H-pyrazol-5-yl)furan-2-carboxamide as a novel orally available urea transporter inhibitor with improved properties.

European journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Xiao-Jie-An Capsule Attenuates Oestrogen- and Progestogen-Induced Mammary Gland Hyperplasia by Modulating Sex Hormone Levels and Reducing Inflammatory Response.

Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology·2026
Same author

Hotspot pocket-based discovery of urea transporter selective inhibitors.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Ganoderic Acids Alleviate Neuroinflammation by Targeting Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2 for Ischemic Stroke Therapy.

Exploration (Beijing, China)·2026
Same author

EGR1 Nuclear Condensates Promote Renal Cyst Development in Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Exploration (Beijing, China)·2026
Same author

The Physiological Roles and Pathological Implications of Urea Transporters in the Cardiovascular System.

Biomedicines·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Culturing Primary Rat Inner Medullary Collecting Duct Cells
06:11

Culturing Primary Rat Inner Medullary Collecting Duct Cells

Published on: June 21, 2013

15.3K

Aquaporins in Urinary System.

Yingjie Li1, Weiling Wang2, Tao Jiang1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|March 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channels in the kidney. Studying AQP knockout mice reveals their crucial roles in kidney function and water transport, impacting urine concentration and related diseases.

Keywords:
Knockout mouseNDIPolyuriaUrine concentrating mechanismWater

More Related Videos

Tracking Single Proteins in Lipid Bilayers Using Fluorescence Microscopy
08:39

Tracking Single Proteins in Lipid Bilayers Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: December 12, 2025

822
Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
06:01

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction

Published on: October 6, 2022

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Culturing Primary Rat Inner Medullary Collecting Duct Cells
06:11

Culturing Primary Rat Inner Medullary Collecting Duct Cells

Published on: June 21, 2013

15.3K
Tracking Single Proteins in Lipid Bilayers Using Fluorescence Microscopy
08:39

Tracking Single Proteins in Lipid Bilayers Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: December 12, 2025

822
Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
06:01

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction

Published on: October 6, 2022

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Kidneys express multiple aquaporin (AQP) water channels, including AQP1, AQP2-6, AQP7, AQP8, and AQP11, in various segments like the proximal tubule and collecting duct.
  • AQP2 is a key vasopressin-regulated water channel, critical for hereditary and acquired disorders affecting urine concentration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the physiological roles of aquaporins in renal water transport.
  • To highlight insights gained from AQP knockout mouse models in understanding kidney function.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic analysis of aquaporin knockout mouse models.
  • Investigation of transepithelial water transport mechanisms in the kidney.

Main Results:

  • Knockout mouse studies have defined the specific roles of various AQPs in different kidney segments.
  • Understanding AQP function is crucial for diseases impacting urine-concentrating ability.

Conclusions:

  • Aquaporin knockout mouse models provide significant insights into renal physiology and water balance.
  • Further research in basic and clinical studies is warranted to explore AQP functions and therapeutic potential.