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Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

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Resting state intrinsic EEG impacts on go stimulus-response processes.

Diana Karamacoska¹, Robert J Barry¹, Genevieve Z Steiner^1,2

¹Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.

Psychophysiology

|March 5, 2017

Summary

This study links resting brain activity (EEG) to cognitive task performance. Resting delta waves predict attention-related brain activity (P3b), improving understanding of executive functions.

Keywords:

Attention Cognition Decision making EEG ERPs Principal components analysis (PCA)

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Published on: March 31, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Electrophysiology

Background:

Cognitive task performance measures brain functioning, often assessed using event-related potentials (ERPs).
The relationship between intrinsic resting state electroencephalography (EEG) and cognitive processes is less understood.
Understanding these links is crucial for neuropsychological research and clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To map ERP correlates of behavioral responses during a go/no-go task.
To investigate the contribution of resting state EEG to task performance.
To clarify the electrophysiology of decision-making in executive function.

Main Methods:

Recorded continuous EEG in 20 healthy adults during resting (eyes-closed, eyes-open) and go/no-go task conditions.
Analyzed delta, theta, alpha, and beta band amplitudes.
Applied temporal principal components analysis to go/no-go ERPs, extracting P2, N2, P3, and slow wave components.

Main Results:

Reaction time variability correlated with errors and P2 amplitude, indicating stimulus discrimination.
N2c-P3b component enhancement was linked to faster reaction times, suggesting response execution.
Resting eyes-closed midline delta amplitude predicted P3b positivity, highlighting its role in attention.

Conclusions:

Resting state EEG, particularly delta activity, significantly influences cognitive task performance.
Findings clarify the electrophysiological basis of decision-making and attention.
Provides a foundation for future research in clinical and developmental populations.