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Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives.

Manoel F Biancardi1, Fernanda C A Dos Santos1, Hernandes F de Carvalho2

  • 1Department of Histology, Embryology, and Cell Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Av. Esperança, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil.

Cell Biology International
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PubMed
Summary

The female prostate, though controversial, is a recognized gland in various mammals. Further research is needed to fully understand its developmental, evolutionary, and biological functions.

Keywords:
developmentfemale prostategerbilprostatic lesionstestosterone

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Comparative Anatomy

Background:

  • The female prostate, first described in 1672, remains a subject of scientific debate regarding its function.
  • Its existence is questioned due to the perceived primary reproductive role of the male prostate in sperm survival.
  • Despite controversy, significant scientific data now illuminates key biological aspects of this gland.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate current knowledge on the female prostate.
  • To highlight its presence and characteristics across mammalian species.
  • To underscore the need for further investigation into its functions and pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of anatomical and histological studies.
  • Comparative analysis between male and female prostate structures.
  • Examination of reported pathologies in the female prostate.

Main Results:

  • The female prostate is present in humans and various mammals (rodents, rabbits, bats, dogs).
  • Rodent studies confirm its homology to the male prostate, with significant macroscopic and microscopic similarities.
  • Pathologies like cysts, hyperplasia, and carcinoma can affect the female prostate.

Conclusions:

  • The female prostate is an established organ in several mammalian species, homologous to the male prostate.
  • While rare, its susceptibility to diseases necessitates consideration, particularly with increased exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
  • Further research is crucial to elucidate the developmental, evolutionary, and biological roles of the female prostate.