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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Emergency Undocking in Robotic Surgery: A Simulation Curriculum
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Perioperative self-reflection among surgical residents.

Andi N Peshkepija1, Marc D Basson2, Alan T Davis3

  • 1Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Department of Surgery, Lansing, MI, USA.

American Journal of Surgery
|March 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Surgical residents rarely engage in meaningful self-reflection, especially chief residents. Structured interventions and training significantly improve resident self-reflection skills over time.

Keywords:
DebriefingsGenderResidentsSelf-reflectionSurgeons

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Professional Development

Background:

  • Meaningful self-reflection is crucial for surgical resident development.
  • Prevalence and predictors of this skill remain understudied.
  • Interventions may enhance resident self-reflection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and predictors of meaningful self-reflection among surgical residents.
  • To assess the impact of prompting and structured interventions on resident self-reflection skills.

Main Methods:

  • 1032 self-reflective comments from 120 surgical residents across six programs were analyzed.
  • Meaningful self-reflection was defined as identifying learning or areas for improvement.
  • Data were analyzed considering postgraduate year (PGY) level, gender, and study phase (pre/post-intervention).

Main Results:

  • Meaningful self-reflection occurred in 40.6% of entries.
  • PGY5 residents reflected less meaningfully (26.1%) than junior residents (49.6%).
  • Phase 2 (post-intervention) entries were 4.7 times more likely to be meaningful, showing a 236% increase.

Conclusions:

  • Meaningful self-reflection is uncommon among surgical residents, even with prompts.
  • Chief residents (PGY5) reflect less than junior residents.
  • Training and iterative interventions can substantially improve and sustain resident self-reflection.