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Related Concept Videos

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength01:12

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength

702
The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
702

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer
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Static and Dynamic Handgrip Strength Endurance: Test-Retest Reproducibility.

Vassilis Gerodimos1, Konstantina Karatrantou1, Dimitra Psychou1

  • 1Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|March 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Static handgrip strength endurance is reliably measured by total time and work. The 12-repetition dynamic protocol is recommended for assessing dynamic handgrip endurance, using maximal repetitions and percentage change.

Keywords:
Isometric contractionfatiguehand-related injuriesmaximal strengthsex

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Area of Science:

  • Kinesiology
  • Human Performance
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Handgrip strength endurance is crucial for daily activities and athletic performance.
  • Reliable assessment methods are needed to evaluate hand function and fatigue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reliability of static and dynamic handgrip strength endurance protocols.
  • To identify reliable indicators for assessing strength endurance.

Main Methods:

  • Forty healthy young adults (18-22 years) performed static (50% maximal voluntary contraction) and dynamic (8, 10, 12 repetitions) handgrip protocols twice.
  • Indicators included total work, total time, maximal repetitions, percentage change, and fatigue index.

Main Results:

  • Static protocol demonstrated high reliability for total time and work.
  • The 12-repetition dynamic protocol showed moderate-high reliability for repetitions and percentage change.
  • Fatigue index was unreliable for dynamic endurance assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Static handgrip endurance is reliably assessed using total time and work.
  • The 12-repetition dynamic protocol is recommended for dynamic endurance evaluation.
  • Combining static and dynamic assessments offers comprehensive hand function insights.