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Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

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Published on: September 8, 2023

Three-dimensional microstructure of human alveolar trabecular bone: a micro-computed tomography study.

Ji-Hyun Lee¹, Hee-Jin Kim², Jeong-Ho Yun³

¹Department of Periodontology, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, Korea .

Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science

|March 7, 2017

Summary

Trabecular bone quality for osseointegration depends on spacing and number, not thickness. Understanding these microstructural characteristics is key for designing improved dental implant surfaces.

Keywords:

Cadaver Dental implants X-ray microtomography

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Last Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

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Published on: September 8, 2023

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Published on: March 14, 2018

Assessment of Bone Fracture Healing Using Micro-Computed Tomography

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Published on: December 9, 2022

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Dental Implantology
Bone Biology

Background:

Osseointegration is crucial for dental implant success.
Trabecular bone microarchitecture influences implant stability.
Characterizing bone quality is essential for optimizing implant design.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the microstructural characteristics of human alveolar bone using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).
To correlate bone microarchitecture with bone quality categories.
To inform the development of improved dental implant surfaces for enhanced osseointegration.

Main Methods:

High-resolution micro-CT scanning of 30 human alveolar bone specimens.
Classification of bone volumes into four quality categories based on Hounsfield units.
Statistical analysis of structural parameters including bone volume percentage, trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and trabecular number (Tb.N).

Main Results:

D1 bone quality exhibited significantly higher values for most structural parameters compared to other categories, excluding trabecular thickness (Tb.Th).
Significant variations in bone volume percentage, Tb.Sp, and Tb.N were observed across bone quality categories.
Tb.Sp showed marked differences (D1: 0.59±0.22 mm, D4: 1.20±0.48 mm), while Tb.Th remained relatively consistent (D1: 0.30±0.08 mm, D4: 0.22±0.05 mm).

Conclusions:

Alveolar bone quality is primarily determined by trabecular separation and number (endosteal space architecture), not bone surface or thickness.
Trabecular thickness demonstrated minimal variation across different bone quality categories.
These findings necessitate the consideration of specific microstructural parameters for designing individualized implant surface topographies to optimize osseointegration.