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A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of HCV clearance

Emeline Gauthiez1, Ines Habfast-Robertson2, Sina Rüeger3

  • 1Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
|March 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Host genetics significantly impact hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance. This review identifies key genetic variations, including HLA and IFNL3/4 polymorphisms, influencing spontaneous and treatment-induced HCV clearance.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Host genetics play a crucial role in infectious disease outcomes, yet a comprehensive overview of genetic polymorphisms affecting hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance is lacking.
  • Understanding these genetic factors is vital for deciphering HCV immunopathogenesis and improving treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of host genetic polymorphisms associated with spontaneous and treatment-induced HCV clearance.
  • To identify specific genetic markers that influence the body's ability to clear HCV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across three databases, followed by data extraction and meta-analysis of 262 selected studies.
  • Analysis of candidate gene polymorphisms in two independent cohorts and genome-wide association studies.
  • Meta-analysis of HLA, KIR genes, and IFNL3/4 polymorphisms.

Main Results:

  • Significant associations with spontaneous HCV clearance were found for HLA polymorphisms (e.g., DQB1*02, DRB1*04).
  • KIR2DS3 and its HLA-C2 ligand were associated with both clearance and failure to clear HCV, respectively.
  • Polymorphisms in nine genes (e.g., ITPA, OASL, IFNL3/4) were linked to interferon-based therapy response and spontaneous/treatment-induced clearance.

Conclusions:

  • Host genetic factors, particularly HLA, KIR, and IFNL3/4 variations, significantly influence hepatitis C virus clearance.
  • This comprehensive analysis deepens the understanding of HCV immunopathogenesis and highlights the complex genetic landscape governing viral clearance.

Keywords:
hepatitis Chost geneticsspontaneous clearancesustained virological response

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