Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias
Published on: February 29, 2020
Prosocial Motivation: Inferences From an Opaque Body of Work
Nancy Eisenberg1, Sarah K VanSchyndel1, Tracy L Spinrad1
1Arizona State University.
Abstract:
Because motivations for prosocial actions typically are unclear, sometimes even to actors but especially for observers, it is difficult to study prosocial motivation. This article reviews research that provides evidence regarding children's motives for prosocial behaviors. First, we present a heuristic model to classify motives on the dimension of reflecting altruistic (with the ultimate goal of benefiting another) to egoism (the ultimate goal of benefiting the self) goals; in addition, we briefly discuss classifying motives based on a continuum of morality. Next, we review findings indicating the existence of a number of different motives in our model and briefly discuss developmental issues, when possible. Future directions for the study of prosocial motivation are proposed.
Related Concept Videos
Motivational Bias
Social Proof
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
Attribution
Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation
Causes of Social Behavior I: Actions and Characteristics of Individuals

