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Electrospun oriented gelatin-hydroxyapatite fiber scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Ali A Salifu1, Constantina Lekakou1, Fatima H Labeed2

  • 1Advanced Materials Group, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|March 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Hydroxyapatite-gelatin scaffolds enhanced human fetal osteoblast cell growth and extracellular matrix production. The optimal scaffold composition and electrospinning parameters significantly improved cell attachment, proliferation, and mechanical properties for tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:
biological characterizationelectrospinninggelatin-hydroxyapatitemechanical testingosteoblastsscaffoldstissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Osteoblast cell differentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) production are crucial for bone regeneration.
  • Scaffold design significantly influences cell behavior and tissue formation.
  • Hydroxyapatite (HA) incorporation into gelatin scaffolds can enhance osteoconductivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of varying hydroxyapatite (HA) concentrations and electrospinning parameters on the performance of gelatin-HA scaffolds for human fetal osteoblast cell culture.
  • To optimize scaffold properties for enhanced cell attachment, proliferation, and ECM production.

Main Methods:

  • Electrospinning of gelatin-HA scaffolds with varying HA concentrations (0-25 wt%).
  • Characterization of scaffold properties including fiber diameter, pore size, porosity, and mechanical properties (Young's modulus, tensile strength).
  • Biological evaluation using human fetal osteoblast cells, including cell attachment, proliferation assays (alamar blue), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen and calcium production assays, and live/dead cell imaging.

Main Results:

  • Scaffolds with 25 wt% HA electrospun at 20 kV exhibited the highest cell attachment, proliferation, and ECM production.
  • Fiber orientation improved mechanical properties, with crosslinked scaffolds showing a Young's modulus of 0.5-0.9 GPa and tensile strength of 4-10 MPa.
  • After 18 days, cells on the optimal scaffold produced 370 μg/L collagen and 0.8 mM calcium.

Conclusions:

  • The 25 wt% HA-gelatin scaffold, electrospun at 20 kV, is a promising biomaterial for osteoblast tissue engineering.
  • Optimized scaffold architecture and composition enhance osteoblast function and bone matrix deposition.
  • This study provides a foundation for developing advanced bone regenerative therapies.