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Effect of Oxidative Stress on ABC Transporters: Contribution to Epilepsy Pharmacoresistance

Gurpreet Kaur Grewal1,2, Samiksha Kukal3,4, Neha Kanojia5,6

  • 1Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India. gpkgrewal@gmail.com.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 8, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Epilepsy pharmacoresistance is linked to ATP-binding cassette transporters. Oxidative stress, ketogenic diets, and antioxidants influence drug response, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Epilepsy affects 1-2% of the global population, necessitating effective antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy.
  • Pharmacoresistance, or failure to respond to AEDs, is a significant clinical challenge.
  • Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters is a key factor contributing to AED pharmacoresistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the regulation of ABC transporters under conditions of oxidative stress.
  • To examine the influence of oxidative stress, ketogenic diets, and antioxidants on epilepsy pharmacoresistance.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for improving AED response.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the role of ABC transporters in epilepsy.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involved in transporter regulation.
  • Examination of preclinical and clinical data on interventions for pharmacoresistance.

Main Results:

  • Oxidative stress, arising from epilepsy and AEDs, modulates ABC transporter expression and function.
  • Ketogenic diets and antioxidant therapies show potential in mitigating ABC transporter-mediated pharmacoresistance.
  • Specific signaling pathways regulating ABC transporters in epilepsy were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding ABC transporter regulation by oxidative stress is crucial for addressing epilepsy pharmacoresistance.
  • Targeting these pathways with agents like ketogenic diets or antioxidants may enhance AED efficacy.
  • Further research into these mechanisms can lead to improved treatment strategies for epilepsy.
Keywords:
ABC transportersantiepileptic drugsepilepsyoxidative stresspharmacoresistance

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