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Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants
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Constant Light Desynchronizes Olfactory versus Object and Visuospatial Recognition Memory Performance.

Shu K E Tam1,2, Sibah Hasan1, Harry M C Choi1

  • 1Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Molecular Pathology Institute, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|March 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Constant light disrupts circadian rhythms, causing desynchrony in brain regions and impacting recognition performance differently across sensory domains. This highlights the brain's flexible network of circadian clocks.

Keywords:
circadianclock geneshippocampusinternal desynchronyolfactory bulbsuprachiasmatic nuclei

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Chronobiology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Circadian rhythms, regulated by the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), optimize daily physiology and behavior.
  • Disruption of these rhythms can lead to internal desynchrony, affecting cognitive functions.
  • Understanding how environmental changes impact central and peripheral circadian clocks is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of constant light on circadian rhythms and recognition performance in mice.
  • To examine the molecular and behavioral consequences of SCN clock dampening on peripheral oscillators.
  • To determine if desynchrony in gene expression correlates with altered behavioral performance.

Main Methods:

  • Mice (C57BL/6J) were exposed to standard light/dark cycles and constant light (rLL).
  • Behavioral testing assessed object, visuospatial, and olfactory recognition performance at different times.
  • Gene expression of Per1, Per2, and Fos was analyzed in the SCN, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb.

Main Results:

  • Under standard conditions, recognition performance was better at midday than midnight.
  • Constant light (rLL) led to desynchronized performance: object/visuospatial better at subjective midday, olfactory better at subjective midnight.
  • rLL attenuated Per1 and Fos rhythmicity in the SCN, while hippocampal expression remained rhythmic, and olfactory bulb expression reversed.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal lighting (rLL) causes temporal desynchrony between circadian oscillators in different brain regions.
  • This desynchrony differentially affects performance across sensory modalities, mirroring molecular changes.
  • A dispersed network of dissociable circadian oscillators offers flexibility in adapting to environmental cues.