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Related Experiment Videos

Threshold effect in lead-induced peripheral neuropathy.

J Schwartz1, P J Landrigan, R G Feldman

  • 1United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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This study found a threshold for lead toxicity in children, indicating that even low levels of lead absorption can slow nerve conduction. Maximal motor nerve conduction velocity is not a sensitive screen for lead toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neurotoxicology
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • Previous research showed a negative correlation between blood lead levels and motor nerve conduction velocity in children.
  • Asymptomatic children living near a lead smelter exhibited a range of blood lead levels from 13 to 97 µg/dL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if a threshold exists between blood lead level and maximal motor nerve conduction velocity.
  • To investigate the sensitivity of maximal motor nerve conduction velocity as a screening tool for lead toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Three regression analyses were performed: "hockey stick", logistic, and quadratic regression.
  • Data from 202 asymptomatic children aged 5-9 years were analyzed.

Main Results:

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  • Evidence for a threshold was found across all analyses: 30 µg/dL (hockey stick), 20 µg/dL (logistic), and 25-30 µg/dL (quadratic).
  • Age, sex, socioeconomic status, and duration of residence did not significantly modify the lead-nerve conduction relationship.
  • Increased lead absorption causes nerve conduction slowing in asymptomatic children.

Conclusions:

  • A threshold for lead toxicity affecting nerve conduction exists in children.
  • Maximal motor nerve conduction velocity is an insensitive screening method for low-level lead toxicity.