High density penetrating electrode arrays for autonomic nerves

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Neuroscience
• Microsystems Engineering

Background:

• Electrode arrays are crucial for central nervous system research and therapies.
• Existing micro-fabricated arrays excel at single neuron access but are unsuitable for peripheral nerves.
• Understanding and modulating the autonomic nervous system requires specialized neural interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present the first multi-channel electrode array designed for penetrating small peripheral nerves (down to 0.1mm diameter).
• To demonstrate the in vivo performance and fabrication feasibility of these novel neural probes.
• To lay the groundwork for future implantable devices for chronic peripheral nerve studies.

Main Methods:

• Hybrid microfabrication techniques were employed to create five-channel electrode arrays.
• Individual electrode shafts were fabricated with diameters as small as 0.01mm.
• Arrays were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and tested in acute in vivo recordings from rat carotid sinus nerve.

Main Results:

• Successfully fabricated and characterized five-channel electrode arrays suitable for small peripheral nerves.
• Demonstrated preliminary in vivo recordings of neural activity from the rat carotid sinus nerve.
• Confirmed electrode functionality and site addressability via standard electronic connectors.

Conclusions:

• The developed micro-fabricated electrode arrays offer a novel solution for accessing and recording from small peripheral nerves.
• These arrays hold significant potential for advancing research into the autonomic nervous system and developing new therapeutic strategies.
• The established fabrication method paves the way for creating implantable devices for chronic neural interface applications.