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Related Concept Videos

Social Relationships and Well-Being01:30

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The significance of social relationships in psychological well-being is a well-established area of inquiry within social psychology. Research consistently demonstrates that the presence of meaningful, supportive relationships enhances emotional health, while the absence or deterioration of such connections can contribute to psychological distress. Relationships serve as a foundation for emotional support, identity, and social belonging, all of which are critical to an individual’s overall...
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Interpersonal relationships progress through stages, beginning with awareness and moving toward mutuality, where emotional connections deepen. While many relationships remain at moderate levels of mutuality, deeper connections form through self-disclosure, trust, and interdependence.Self-DisclosureSelf-disclosure involves revealing personal information, starting with surface-level details and gradually progressing to more intimate content. As trust grows, individuals feel more comfortable...
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The dissolution of intimate relationships presents complex emotional and psychological challenges, particularly when emotional bonds are strong, the relationship is long-standing, and perceived alternatives are limited. This distress often intensifies in romantic breakups, where the initiator may experience greater turmoil than the rejected partner. Contributing factors include residual attachment, guilt over causing pain, and uncertainty about how to manage the situation. The stress is further...
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Close Relationships and Culture01:29

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Culture shapes how people approach attraction, choose partners, and build long-term relationships. While some preferences in mate selection appear consistent across cultures, such as men valuing physical attractiveness and women emphasizing financial resources, cultural contexts influence how these preferences are expressed and prioritized. Marriage extends beyond romantic ideals in many societies and is deeply embedded in social, economic, and religious frameworks.The Role of Culture in Mate...
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What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
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Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Author Spotlight: Self-Assessment Protocol for Predicting Psoriatic Arthritis in Psoriasis Patients
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Toll-Like Receptor 2 and Its Relationship With Streptococcus in Psoriasis.

Jing Zhang1, Christine Shaver1, Lane Neidig1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.

Skinmed
|March 9, 2017
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Summary

Toll-like receptor 2 shows positive staining in psoriatic skin lesions, unlike in normal skin or eczema. This finding suggests its role in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, potentially triggered by streptococcus.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition.
  • The role of innate immunity in psoriasis pathogenesis is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in psoriatic lesions.
  • To explore the potential role of TLR2 in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining was performed on psoriatic lesions, normal skin, and eczema lesions.
  • Expression of TLR2 was assessed within dermal capillaries.

Main Results:

  • Positive TLR2 staining was observed within the dermal capillaries of psoriatic lesions.
  • No similar TLR2 staining was found in normal skin or lesional skin from eczema patients.

Conclusions:

  • Toll-like receptor 2 activation may play a significant role in psoriasis.
  • TLR2 may be involved in a cascade of events leading to psoriasis, potentially initiated by streptococcus.