Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Echocardiographic Assessment Using Subxiphoid-Only Examination for Hypotensive Patients
Published on: April 18, 2025
Patient after renal transplantation with syncope: Role of echocardiography in upright position
Paweł Petkow Dimitrow1, Danuta Sorysz1, Rafał Hładij1
12nd Department of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 17, 31-501, Kraków, Polska.
Abstract:
In Doppler echocardiography, testing left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient in the supine position (as is done in everyday practice) does not reflect the pathophysiology of this dynamic abnormality during the daily activities that trigger the symptoms (eg, syncope). LVOT obstruction is a dynamic phenomenon, strongly dependent on the left ventricular cavity size, geometric configuration of hypertrophy, load variability, contractility, and mitral apparatus abnormalities. LVOT gradient may develop not only in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but also in various heart diseases. Recent investigations show that LVOT gradient should be measured also in the standing position. Here, we report the case of patient after renal transplantation, who developed LVOT gradient during orthostatic test. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:616-620, 2017.
Related Concept Videos
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography
Types of Echocardiography
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
TTE is the most common type of echocardiogram which involves placing a transducer on the patient's chest, emitting sound waves to create heart images. TTE is invaluable for evaluating the heart's size, structure, and motion, making it particularly useful for...
Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

