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Related Concept Videos

Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

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Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
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Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

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Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
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Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

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Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
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Growth, Maturation and Exercise During Youth-2016.

Jaak Jürimäe1

  • 11 University of Tartu.

Pediatric Exercise Science
|March 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Elite junior tennis players show differences in growth and maturation. Methodological advancements improve tracking of adolescent fitness, and childhood physical activity may boost adult earnings.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric exercise science
  • Growth and maturation in youth
  • Adolescent physical fitness

Background:

  • 2016 saw significant research in pediatric exercise science, focusing on growth, maturation, and physical activity in youth.
  • Identifying key publications in this field requires careful consideration of their impact and novelty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight significant 2016 research in youth growth, maturation, and exercise.
  • To present novel findings on elite junior tennis player development.
  • To introduce advanced methods for tracking adolescent fitness and explore long-term benefits of childhood activity.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of elite junior tennis players' growth and maturation against population norms.
  • Application of diverse statistical approaches (auto-correlations, multilevel modeling, Cohen's Kappa) to assess short-term tracking of fitness in adolescents.

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  • Review of evidence linking childhood physical activity to adult outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Elite junior tennis players exhibit distinct growth and maturation patterns, with taller and heavier individuals favored.
    • The choice of statistical method significantly impacts the assessment of short-term tracking of cardiorespiratory and performance-related fitness in adolescents.
    • Childhood physical activity is associated with potential long-term health benefits and increased adult earnings.

    Conclusions:

    • Individual differences in growth and maturation play a role in elite junior tennis player selection.
    • Accurate monitoring of adolescent fitness requires careful selection of appropriate statistical tracking methods.
    • Early physical activity may have lasting positive effects on health and economic well-being in adulthood.