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Metabolism and Exercise During Youth.

Keith Tolfrey1, Julia K Zakrzewski-Fruer2, James Smallcombe1

  • 11 Loughborough University.

Pediatric Exercise Science
|March 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric studies reveal reduced resting energy expenditure in children and adolescents. Exercise may enhance neutrophil responses in boys compared to men, informing future pediatric research.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric research
  • Exercise physiology
  • Metabolic health

Background:

  • Understanding energy expenditure and inflammatory responses in children is crucial for public health.
  • Different research designs are employed in pediatric studies, each with unique strengths and limitations.
  • Adolescent health research requires careful consideration of biological maturity and exercise interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review three pediatric studies employing diverse research designs.
  • To highlight findings on resting energy expenditure, neutrophil function post-exercise, and high-intensity interval training outcomes.
  • To discuss implications for future pediatric research and interventions.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, longitudinal cohort study examined resting energy expenditure in children aged 7-16.

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  • An acute exercise study compared neutrophil responses in boys and men.
  • A dose-response study investigated high-intensity interval training in adolescent boys.

    • Main Results:

    • A prospective study found an intrinsic reduction in absolute resting energy expenditure in children.
    • Boys showed a "sensitized" neutrophil response to acute exercise compared to men.
    • A dose-response study in adolescent boys did not identify a clear relationship between training intensity and cardiometabolic outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Reduced resting energy expenditure may have evolutionary roots but poses challenges with abundant food energy.
    • Exercise-induced neutrophil responses differ between boys and men, necessitating further research.
    • While underpowered, the high-intensity interval training study offers design insights for adolescent interventions.