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Short implants to support mandibular complete dentures - photoelastic analysis.
Marcele Jardim Pimentel1, Wander José da Silva1, Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury1
1Universidade de Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Brazilian Oral Research
|March 9, 2017
Summary
Shorter implants experience increased stress, particularly those with regular diameters. Wider implants, even short ones, show stress levels comparable to longer implants, suggesting diameter is key for stability in atrophic mandibles.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Short dental implants are used in atrophic mandibles to avoid complex procedures.
- Understanding stress distribution around short implants is crucial for long-term success.
- Existing research often focuses on longer implants, leaving a gap in knowledge for shorter ones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the stress behavior around short dental implants of varying diameters and lengths in edentulous atrophic mandibles.
- To compare the stress distribution of short implants to a control group of longer implants.
- To determine the influence of implant diameter and length on stress concentration.
Main Methods:
- Photoelastic analysis was used on six groups of implants (varying diameters and lengths) and a control group.
- Implants were connected by a chromium-cobalt bar simulating a fixed denture.
- A controlled force was applied, and maximum shear stress around implants was recorded and statistically analyzed.
Main Results:
- Reduced implant length significantly increased stress values.
- Increased implant diameter reduced stress values.
- Short implants (5 and 7 mm) with regular diameters showed higher stress levels, while short, wider implants exhibited stress similar to longer implants.
Conclusions:
- Implant length is a critical factor influencing stress concentration, with shorter implants experiencing higher stress.
- Increasing implant diameter effectively reduces stress, mitigating the negative effects of reduced length.
- Wider short implants may offer comparable stress distribution to longer implants, providing a viable option for atrophic mandibles.
