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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Novel Assay for Studying B-Cell Responses in Multiple Sclerosis Research
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Concurrent autoimmune hepatitis in multiple sclerosis.

Gonçalo Cação1, Ernestina Santos2, Ana Martins Silva2

  • 1Serviço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|March 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are rarely associated autoimmune conditions. This report details five cases, highlighting the importance of considering liver biopsy in suspected AIH cases.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosisautoimmune hepatitisdisease-modifying therapyhigh-dose intravenous steroidsliver biopsy

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Neurology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver inflammation.
  • AIH infrequently co-occurs with extrahepatic autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS).

Observation:

  • Five cases of concurrent MS and AIH are presented.
  • One patient developed AIH during interferon beta-1b therapy; others developed it off therapy or after methylprednisolone.
  • All patients showed liver biopsies consistent with AIH.

Findings:

  • Immunosuppressive treatment led to hepatitis resolution in most cases.
  • One patient experienced fatal fulminant hepatitis requiring liver transplantation.
  • A clear, though rare, association between MS and AIH is supported by literature review.

Implications:

  • Consider liver biopsy in patients with suspected AIH, especially those with co-existing autoimmune conditions.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate immunosuppressive therapy are crucial for managing AIH in MS patients.
  • Further research into the underlying mechanisms of this rare association is warranted.