Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

467

Influence of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Chemoresistance

Duncan Ayers1,2, Jo Vandesompele3,4

  • 1Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta. Duncan.Ayers@um.edu.mt.

Genes
|March 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Most cancer relapses stem from drug resistance. This review explores how microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to chemoresistance, offering insights for new cancer therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chemoresistance in tumors is a major cause of cancer relapse.
  • This resistance is complex, involving multiple molecular factors.
  • Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play significant roles in gene regulation and cellular phenotypes, including cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on non-coding RNAs in cancer drug resistance.
  • To identify key microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in chemoresistance.
  • To explore the potential of these non-coding RNAs for novel cancer theranostics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on non-coding RNAs and cancer chemoresistance.
  • Identification and validation of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) implicated in drug resistance.
  • Analysis of how these non-coding RNAs influence cancer drug resistance properties.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs, particularly miRNAs and lncRNAs, are key regulators of cancer chemoresistance.
  • Specific miRNAs and lncRNAs have been identified as crucial molecular players in developing drug resistance phenotypes.
  • Understanding these non-coding RNA roles provides a basis for developing targeted cancer therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Non-coding RNAs significantly influence cancer drug resistance.
  • Targeting specific miRNAs and lncRNAs holds promise for overcoming chemoresistance.
  • This knowledge can advance the development of novel theranostic strategies in oncology.
Keywords:
cancerchemoresistancedrug resistancelncRNAmiRNAmicroRNAtumour

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer09:40

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of TMOD3 in Platinum Resistance and Immune Infiltration in Ovarian Cancer

Published on: August 2, 2024

3.3K
CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

2.9K

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
4.2K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
24.4K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
10.0K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

3.8K
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.8K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
5.0K