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Comparison of Cord Blood Lipid Profile in Preterm Small for Gestational Age and Appropriate for Gestational Age

Tejasree Katragadda1, Rajesh Shimoga Mahabala2, Subodh Shetty3

  • 1Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Kasturba Medical College , Mangaluru, Karnataka, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|March 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Preterm infants, especially those small for gestational age (SGA), exhibit a more atherogenic lipid profile. This highlights prematurity and SGA as critical factors for early cardiovascular disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality.
  • The fetal origins hypothesis suggests early life factors influence adult CHD.
  • Limited research exists on cord blood lipid profiles in preterm neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cord blood lipid profiles in preterm infants.
  • To compare lipid profiles between preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and preterm small for gestational age (SGA) neonates.
  • To assess the atherogenic index in these groups.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 109 preterm infants.
  • Cord blood samples collected at birth.
  • Analysis of lipid profile: cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, ApoA1, and Apo B.

Main Results:

  • Preterm SGA neonates showed significantly higher triglycerides, Apo B, and atherogenic index compared to preterm AGA neonates.
  • Other lipid levels were not significantly different but exceeded reference ranges for term infants.
  • Atherogenic lipid profile associated with prematurity and SGA.

Conclusions:

  • Prematurity is confirmed as a risk factor for an atherogenic lipid profile.
  • Small for gestational age (SGA) status is an additional risk factor.
  • Findings support future research in primordial prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Abstract

Keywords:
Apolipoprotein BAtherogenic indexPreterm neonate

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