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Mitochondria during sea urchin oogenesis.

Maria Agnello1, Maria Carmela Roccheri2, Giovanni Morici2

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche,Chimiche e Farmaceutiche,Università degli Studi di Palermo,Viale delle Scienze,Ed. 16,Palermo 90128,Italy.

Zygote (Cambridge, England)
|March 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Sea urchin oogenesis shows increasing mitochondrial mass and activity, particularly around the germinal vesicle, preparing eggs for development. This rise in mitochondria, Hsp56, and mtDNA is crucial for establishing egg competence.

Keywords:
Confocal laser scanning microscopyHsp56MitoTrackerPicoGreenmtDNA

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Sea urchins are key models for studying fertilization and early development.
  • Mitochondrial behavior and egg competence during oogenesis require further elucidation.
  • Mitochondria, crucial for cellular energy, influence oocyte quality, fertilization, and embryogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mitochondrial distribution, content, and activity during *Paracentrotus lividus* oogenesis.
  • To understand the role of mitochondria in achieving egg developmental competence.

Main Methods:

  • Confocal microscopy was employed to analyze mitochondria.
  • Oocytes were incubated in vivo with specific probes for mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
  • Immunodetection of Hsp56, a mitochondrial marker, was performed.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial mass and activity increased in parallel during oogenesis.
  • A notable surge in mitochondrial activity occurred around the germinal vesicle (GV) before GV breakdown.
  • Mature eggs exhibited decreased mitochondrial activity, consistent with basal metabolism.
  • Levels of Hsp56 and mtDNA significantly increased during oogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Oogenesis involves a coordinated increase in mitochondrial mass, activity, Hsp56, and mtDNA.
  • These mitochondrial changes are vital for establishing developmental competence in sea urchin eggs.