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Insulin deficiency: A possible link between obesity and cognitive function.

Ghazaleh Nameni1, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi2, Ghazaleh Hajiluian3

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International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
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Obesity and insulin resistance in rats significantly decrease cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to serum insulin ratios, potentially impairing cognitive function. This suggests a link between metabolic health and brain function, warranting further investigation in humans.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Metabolic Research
  • Obesity Studies

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies link obesity and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Insulin resistance in obesity may lead to central nervous system (CNS) insulin deficiency.
  • Brain insulin is crucial for cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the correlation between increased body weight and insulin resistance with the CSF to serum insulin ratio in rats.
  • To evaluate the correlation between the CSF to serum insulin ratio and cognitive function in obese rats.

Main Methods:

  • Male Wistar rats were fed high-fat (59% fat) or control (10% fat) diets for 16 weeks.
  • Spatial learning and memory were assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) test.
  • Serum and CSF insulin levels, glucose, and HOMA-IR were measured.

Main Results:

  • High-fat diet significantly increased body weight and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
  • A significant negative correlation was found between CSF to serum insulin ratio and body weight/HOMA-IR.
  • CSF to serum insulin ratio correlated with impaired performance in the MWM test.

Conclusions:

  • High-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance down-regulate the CSF to serum insulin ratio in rats.
  • Reduced brain insulin may contribute to cognitive decline in obesity.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and confirm findings in humans.