Hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.
Eugene G Butkowski1, Herbert F Jelinek1,2,3
1a School of Community Health , Charles Sturt University , Albury , Australia.
Redox Report : Communications in Free Radical Research
|March 10, 2017
Summary
High blood glucose levels are linked to oxidative stress and inflammation. Biomarkers for these conditions can aid in diagnosing preclinical hyperglycemia.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
Background:
- Hyperglycemia is increasingly prevalent, often associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Understanding biomarkers for hyperglycemia is crucial for early detection and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess traditional and emerging biomarkers in relation to increasing blood glucose levels (BGL).
- To clarify the role of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in hyperglycemia.
Main Methods:
- A rural diabetic screening program included 309 participants.
- Participants were categorized into control and quintile groups based on glucose levels.
- Analyzed anthropometric data, glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, oxidative stress markers (glutathione, glutathione:glutathione disulfide, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine), and inflammatory markers/ratios (Interleukin-1β, IL-6/IL-10, IL-1β/IL-10, MCP-1/IL-10, IGF-1/IL-10, IL-6/IL-1β).
Main Results:
- Significant differences were observed in anthropometric data, glucose, HbA1c, and total cholesterol across groups (P < 0.001).
- Key oxidative stress markers including glutathione (P < 0.001) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (P < 0.05) showed significant associations.
- Several inflammatory marker ratios, such as IL-6/IL-10 and IL-1β/IL-10, were significantly associated with increasing BGL (P < 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers provide valuable diagnostic information for preclinical hyperglycemia.
- Analysis of inflammatory biomarker ratios offers unique insights into their correlation with increasing BGL.
Keywords:
8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosineType 2 diabetes mellitusbody mass indexcardiovascular diseaseglutathioneglutathione disulphideimpaired fasting glucoseinsulin like growth factor 1interleukin 10interleukin 1βinterleukin-6monocyte chemoattractant protein 1oxidative stressprediabetesrisk factorsMore Related Videos
08:13Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT
Published on: January 7, 2018
72.2K
08:47Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
Published on: December 7, 2017
10.3K
Related Concept Videos
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
4.0K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
4.0K
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
2.6K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.6K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
5.3K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
5.3K
01:15Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
1.1K
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
1.1K
01:19Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
4.0K
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
4.0K
01:19Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
562
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
562