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Morphological Changes of Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) in Hydrocephalic Pediatric Patients

Sait Ozturk1, Erdogan Ayan2, Metin Kaplan1

  • 1Firat University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Elazig, Turkey.

Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
|March 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Patients with hydrocephalus (HCP) exhibit significantly longer anterior cerebral artery (ACA) segments compared to controls. Reducing ventricular size is crucial for maintaining normal cerebral perfusion (CP) in HCP patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Pediatric Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Hydrocephalus (HCP) is a condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.
  • Cerebral perfusion (CP) is vital for brain function, and its maintenance is a key concern in managing HCP.
  • The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) plays a critical role in supplying blood to the frontal lobes of the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the morphology of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus (HCP).
  • To investigate the relationship between ACA morphology and cerebral perfusion (CP) in HCP.
  • To discuss the implications of ACA morphology in maintaining adequate CP in HCP.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-four infants (0-3 months) were divided into two groups: with HCP (Group 1) and without HCP (Group 2, control).
  • ACA A2 segment length was measured using T2 mid-sagittal MRI scans.
  • Evans' index (EI) was calculated from axial MR scans to assess ventricular size and categorize cases into three groups (A, B, C).

Main Results:

  • The mean ACA length was significantly greater in the HCP group (57.3 mm) compared to the control group (37.5 mm).
  • A positive correlation was observed between increased Evans' index (EI) and ACA length.
  • The relationship between EI and ACA length was statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • Increased ACA length in hydrocephalus patients suggests morphological changes associated with the condition.
  • Reducing ventricular size, alongside managing intracranial pressure, is essential for preserving normal cerebral perfusion (CP).
  • Understanding ACA morphology may offer insights into the pathophysiology of HCP and guide therapeutic strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anterior cerebral arteryCerebral perfusionEvans’ IndexHydrocephalus

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