Predictive biomarkers along gastric cancer pathogenetic pathways

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Cancer Research

Background:

• Gastric cancer is a leading global cause of mortality.
• Advanced stage diagnosis limits treatment options primarily to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.
• Current therapeutic strategies necessitate improved patient selection for better outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the emerging molecular classification of gastric cancer.
• To identify novel molecular biomarkers for targeted therapy selection.
• To discuss the potential of immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on gastric cancer molecular classification.
• Analysis of established and potential molecular targets (HER2, MET, FGFR).
• Evaluation of immunotherapy targets, specifically the PD-1/PDL1 pathway.

Main Results:

• A new molecular classification system for gastric cancer is proposed.
• Biomarkers such as HER2, MET, and FGFR are crucial for targeted therapy.
• The PD-1/PDL1 pathway shows significant promise as an immunotherapy target.

Conclusions:

• Molecular classification enables personalized treatment approaches for gastric cancer.
• Identification and utilization of specific molecular biomarkers are key to improving patient survival.
• Immunotherapy, particularly targeting the PD-1/PDL1 pathway, represents a promising avenue for advanced gastric cancer management.