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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

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Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
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Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

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Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure...
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Diagnosis of Neoplasia in Barrett’s Esophagus using Vital-dye Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging
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Multiple angiodysplasia diagnosed by capsule endoscopy.

Giulia Diamantini1, Giovanni Battista Levi Sandri1, Fabio Procacciante1

  • 1Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Umberto I Policlinic of Rome, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
|March 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A young man with severe rectal bleeding was diagnosed with small intestine angiodysplastic lesions. Argon plasma coagulation successfully treated these vascular malformations, preventing further gastrointestinal bleeding.

Keywords:
Angiodysplasiaargon plasma coagulationgastrointestinal bleedingvideo capsule endoscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Acute massive rectal bleeding can be a challenging clinical presentation.
  • Diagnostic evaluation for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding often requires advanced imaging and endoscopic techniques.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old male presented with acute massive rectal bleeding requiring transfusion.
  • Initial investigations including CT and endoscopy did not identify the bleeding source.
  • Video capsule endoscopy revealed multiple jejunal and ileal angiodysplastic lesions.

Findings:

  • Angiodysplastic lesions in the small intestine were identified as the cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Endoscopic argon plasma coagulation was successfully employed to treat the angiodysplasias.
  • The procedure was performed uneventfully via upper and rectal approaches.

Implications:

  • Argon plasma coagulation is an effective endoscopic treatment for small intestine angiodysplasias.
  • This case highlights the utility of video capsule endoscopy in diagnosing obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Successful treatment led to a sustained absence of gastrointestinal bleeding during a 2-year follow-up.