Cervical Carcinogenesis and Immune Response Gene Polymorphisms: A Review
Akash M Mehta1, Merel Mooij2, Ivan Branković3
1Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
Journal of Immunology Research
|March 11, 2017
Summary
Genetic variations in immune response genes influence cervical cancer risk after human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Subtle differences in immune responses due to these variations affect cancer development and progression.
Area of Science:
- Immunogenetics
- Oncology
- Virology
Background:
- Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is crucial for cervical carcinogenesis.
- Genetic variations in immune response genes may impact cervical cancer risk, progression, and patient survival.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on associations between immunogenetic variations (polymorphisms, alleles, genotypes, haplotypes) and cervical cancer risk/progression.
- To explore the role of immune response gene variations in cervical carcinogenesis beyond HLA and KIR genes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating immunogenetic associations with cervical cancer.
- Focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms, alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes in immune response genes.
- Exclusion of studies on HLA and KIR gene polymorphisms.
Main Results:
- Multiple genes and loci are associated with variations in cervical cancer risk.
- No single gene is solely responsible for cervical carcinogenesis.
- Immunogenetic variations contribute to differences in antiviral and antitumor immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Variations in immune response genes lead to subtle differences in immune effectiveness against HPV.
- These immune variations ultimately influence an individual's risk of developing cervical cancer and disease progression.
- A multifactorial immunogenetic basis for cervical carcinogenesis is proposed.
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