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Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Cardiac Spheroids as in vitro Bioengineered Heart Tissues to Study Human Heart Pathophysiology
Published on: January 23, 2021
Maximilian Y Emmert1,2,3, Emanuela S Fioretta1, Simon P Hoerstrup4,5
1Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Moussonstrasse 13, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
Tissue engineering (TE) offers regenerative cardiovascular replacements but faces significant translational challenges. Overcoming scientific, clinical, and regulatory hurdles is crucial for widespread clinical adoption of these advanced therapies.
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