Recent advances in Epilepsy Research in India

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Epileptology
• Public Health

Background:

• India has over 10 million persons with epilepsy (PWE), with a 50-70% treatment gap despite available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).
• Treatment gaps stem from socioeconomic factors, stigma, poor healthcare infrastructure, and inadequate diagnosis/treatment for chronic epilepsy.
• While Indian epilepsy research shows progress, it predominantly focuses on epidemiology and AED validation in animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the current status of epilepsy research in India.
• To highlight the need for research into epileptogenesis and potential anti-epileptogenic interventions.
• To advocate for increased funding and collaborations to advance epilepsy research standards.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on epilepsy research in India.
• Analysis of research focus areas, including epidemiology, genetics, and AED development.
• Identification of research gaps, particularly in understanding epileptogenesis and clinical interventions.

Main Results:

• Epilepsy research in India is largely concentrated on epidemiological studies and preclinical AED validation.
• There is a significant lack of research on the mechanisms of epileptogenesis.
• Clinically relevant studies using resected human brain tissue are underrepresented.

Conclusions:

• Epilepsy research in India requires a shift towards understanding epileptogenesis and developing novel anti-epileptogenic strategies.
• Increased government funding and inter-institutional collaborations are essential.
• Focusing on clinically relevant research, including studies on resected tissues, will improve epilepsy management.