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Impurity bound states in fully gapped d-wave superconductors with subdominant order parameters
Mahdi Mashkoori1, Kristofer Björnson1, Annica M Black-Schaffer1
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
Scientific Reports
|March 11, 2017
Summary
Impurities in d+is-wave superconductors create bound states with magnetic impurities but not potential ones. D+id
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Superconductivity
- Materials Science
Background:
- Impurities in superconductors induce bound states crucial for novel quantum phenomena like Majorana modes.
- High-temperature cuprates possess large superconducting order parameters, but pure d-wave states only support virtual bound states.
- Fully gapped d-wave states, such as d+is-wave or d+id'-wave, have been proposed in cuprates due to subdominant order parameters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the behavior of magnetic and potential impurities in fully gapped d-wave superconductors.
- To differentiate the impurity effects in d+is-wave and d+id'-wave superconducting states.
- To explore conditions for zero-energy bound states in these systems.
Main Methods:
- Analytical T-matrix approximation.
- Numerical tight-binding lattice calculations.
- Comparative analysis of magnetic and potential impurity scattering.
Main Results:
- Potential impurities do not form bound states in d+is-wave superconductors.
- Magnetic impurities in d+is-wave superconductors create one pair of bound states with a zero-energy crossing.
- D+id'-wave superconductors exhibit two bound state pairs, with zero-energy crossings dependent on normal state particle-hole asymmetry.
Conclusions:
- Magnetic and potential impurities exhibit distinct behaviors in d+is- and d+id'-wave superconductors.
- The presence and characteristics of bound states are sensitive to the specific d-wave symmetry and impurity type.
- Understanding these impurity effects is key for manipulating superconducting states and exploring exotic phenomena.
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