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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

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Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
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Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

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Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
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Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

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Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
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Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion01:26

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Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
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Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

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Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
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Bacterial Cell Culture at the Single-cell Level Inside Giant Vesicles
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Bacterial Cell Culture at the Single-cell Level Inside Giant Vesicles

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Membrane vesicle-mediated bacterial communication.

Masanori Toyofuku1,2, Kana Morinaga1, Yohei Hashimoto3

  • 1Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

The ISME Journal
|March 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria release hydrophobic signals using membrane vesicles (MVs) instead of simple diffusion. This novel mechanism efficiently transports signaling molecules, crucial for communication in aquatic environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The classical quorum-sensing (QS) model assumes signaling molecules diffuse and accumulate to trigger gene expression.
  • Hydrophobic signaling molecules pose challenges for diffusion in aqueous environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the release mechanism of the hydrophobic signal N-hexadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone produced by Paracoccus sp.
  • To propose a novel mechanism for the trafficking of hydrophobic signal molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of N-hexadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone release from Paracoccus sp.
  • Investigation of signal molecule packaging and delivery via membrane vesicles (MVs).

Main Results:

  • N-hexadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone is released from cells via membrane vesicles (MVs).
  • MVs solubilize the hydrophobic signal in aqueous environments.
  • MVs deliver the signal to different bacteria with varying efficiencies.

Conclusions:

  • A novel membrane vesicle-based mechanism for trafficking hydrophobic signal molecules is proposed.
  • This MV-mediated signaling is particularly relevant for bacteria in open aqueous environments.
  • The findings challenge the classical diffusion-based quorum-sensing model for hydrophobic signals.