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Gestational diabetes mellitus: an updated overview
E Chiefari1, B Arcidiacono1, D Foti2
1Chair of Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing concern with significant economic and health impacts. This review addresses ongoing debates in GDM diagnosis, management, and prevention strategies for better maternal and infant outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence is rising globally.
- GDM poses risks for severe pregnancy complications and has substantial economic consequences.
- Current prevention strategies for GDM remain insufficient.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current clinical insights on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
- To discuss controversial aspects of GDM diagnosis and management.
- To provide an update on GDM prevention and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on GDM.
- Analysis of current diagnostic criteria and management guidelines.
- Discussion of controversial issues in GDM clinical practice.
Main Results:
- Discrepancies exist in global diagnostic criteria for GDM.
- Recommendations for diet, physical activity, and medication vary.
- Effective GDM prevention strategies are still under development.
Conclusions:
- There is a need for standardized diagnostic criteria and management protocols for GDM.
- Further research is required to develop effective GDM prevention and treatment strategies.
- Addressing GDM controversies is crucial for improving maternal and infant health outcomes.
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