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Racial-Ethnic Differences in Fall Prevalence among Older Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Yifan Geng1, Joan C Lo1,2, Leslea Brickner1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, USA.

BMC Geriatrics
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PubMed
Summary

Older Asian and Black women in the U.S. experience fewer falls compared to White women. This finding may explain lower hip fracture rates in these populations.

Keywords:
FallsOlder womenRace/ethnicityRisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Falls are a primary cause of hip fractures in elderly women, posing significant public health challenges.
  • Fall risk is influenced by age, clinical factors, and race/ethnicity, with international data suggesting lower risk in Asian populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial and ethnic disparities in fall prevalence among older women within a large U.S. healthcare system.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 6277 women aged 65-90 from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Member Health Survey (KPNC-MHS).
  • Data included demographics, self-reported health status, comorbidities (diabetes, arthritis, stroke), mobility limitations, and fall history.
  • Statistical analysis examined the association between race/ethnicity and recent falls, adjusting for known risk factors.

Main Results:

  • The sample comprised 76.7% non-Hispanic White, 6.2% Hispanic, 6.8% Black, and 10.3% Asian women.
  • Over 20% reported at least one fall in the past year, with prevalence rates of 28.5% (White), 27.8% (Hispanic), 23.4% (Black), and 20.1% (Asian).
  • Black and Asian women had significantly lower odds of experiencing one or more falls (OR 0.73 and 0.64, respectively) compared to White women, after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions:

  • Older Black and Asian women exhibit a substantially lower risk of recent falls compared to their White counterparts.
  • These findings may contribute to explaining observed differences in hip fracture rates across racial/ethnic groups.
  • Further research is recommended to explore cultural and behavioral factors underlying these racial/ethnic disparities in fall risk.