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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Nociception01:44

Nociception

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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Pain01:20

Pain

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Visualization Method for Proprioceptive Drift on a 2D Plane Using Support Vector Machine
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Integrating Self-Localization, Proprioception, Pain, and Performance.

Valeria Bellan1, Sarah B Wallwork2, Alberto Gallace3

  • 1Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, and PainAdelaide, Adelaide Australia.

Journal of Dance Medicine & Science : Official Publication of the International Association for Dance Medicine & Science
|March 13, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding self-localization is key for body awareness and everyday activities. This review explores how pain disrupts this sense of space and its impact on performance, particularly for dancers.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Kinesiology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Self-localization, the sense of one's body in space, is crucial for daily and high-performance activities.
  • Pain can significantly disrupt this spatial awareness and bodily perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the concept of self-localization and its disruption by pain.
  • To present a conceptual model of the cortical body matrix for understanding self-localization.
  • To explore the neurophysiological and behavioral aspects of this model and its application to pain and performance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature from behavioral, clinical, neuroimaging, and physiological research.
  • Discussion of bodily illusions as tools to investigate self-localization.
  • Analysis of spatial performance in individuals with and without pain.

Main Results:

  • Pain disrupts the sense of self-localization and spatial awareness.
  • The cortical body matrix model provides a framework for understanding these disruptions.
  • Bodily illusions are effective in studying the mechanisms of self-localization.

Conclusions:

  • Self-localization is fundamental, and pain impairs it, affecting performance.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for injury prevention and pain education, especially for dancers.