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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Human Factors Engineering
    • Usability Research

    Background:

    • Optical neuroimaging techniques offer non-invasive methods to study brain activity.
    • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a cost-effective and easily implementable optical neuroimaging method.
    • fNIRS measures hemodynamic responses, reflecting neural activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent and potential applications of optical neuroimaging, specifically fNIRS, in human factors and usability research.
    • To highlight fNIRS's utility in assessing psychological phenomena relevant to human factors.
    • To discuss the capabilities and limitations of fNIRS for measuring mental activity during task completion.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on fNIRS applications in human factors and usability.
    • Focus on studies assessing cognitive workload, attention, and motor activity using fNIRS.
    • Analysis of fNIRS's ability to measure hemodynamic correlates of mental activity.

    Main Results:

    • fNIRS has been successfully applied to assess various psychological phenomena in human factors research.
    • The technique provides valuable data on cognitive workload and attention during task performance.
    • fNIRS enables the measurement of brain activity in real-world usability settings.

    Conclusions:

    • fNIRS is a promising tool for human factors and usability research due to its practicality and effectiveness.
    • It offers a unique opportunity to understand cognitive processes during human-computer interaction and task execution.
    • Further research is needed to explore the full potential and address limitations of fNIRS in these fields.