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Updated: Mar 6, 2026
08:08
Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model
Published on: June 18, 2013
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Transplacental passage of vancomycin
1a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine , University of Tennessee Medical Center , Knoxville , TN , USA.
Summary
A vancomycin regimen of 20 mg/kg every 8 hours achieved therapeutic levels in most mothers and newborns for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) chemoprophylaxis. Adherence to the dosing schedule significantly improved therapeutic vancomycin levels in GBS chemoprophylaxis.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Group B Streptococcus (GBS) poses risks during pregnancy and childbirth.
- Penicillin allergy necessitates alternative chemoprophylaxis, such as vancomycin.
- Optimizing vancomycin dosing is crucial for maternal and neonatal safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of a 20 mg/kg IV every 8 hours vancomycin regimen for GBS chemoprophylaxis.
- To analyze maternal and neonatal cord blood vancomycin levels.
- To evaluate the impact of adherence on therapeutic vancomycin concentrations.
Main Methods:
- Prospective enrollment of mothers with GBS and high-risk penicillin allergy.
- Collection of maternal and cord blood vancomycin levels at delivery.
- Assessment of dosing adherence, timing, and body mass index.
Main Results:
- 77% of mother/newborn pairs achieved therapeutic vancomycin levels.
- When the regimen was followed correctly, 92% achieved therapeutic levels.
- Regimen violations were associated with non-therapeutic vancomycin concentrations.
Conclusions:
- A vancomycin regimen of 20 mg/kg IV every 8 hours is effective for GBS chemoprophylaxis.
- Therapeutic vancomycin levels are achieved in over 75% of mother/newborn pairs.
- Strict adherence to the vancomycin dosing regimen maximizes therapeutic efficacy.
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