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Detection of extremely low concentration waterborne pathogen using a multiplexing self-referencing SERS microfluidic

Chao Wang1, Foram Madiyar2, Chenxu Yu1

  • 1Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA.

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This study presents a novel portable biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of waterborne pathogens like E. coli O157:H7. The device achieves single-cell/mL sensitivity in one step, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Conventional methods struggle with ultrasensitive (single cell/mL) detection of waterborne pathogens.
  • Existing molecular techniques like ELISA and PCR require labor-intensive enrichment steps.
  • Accurate detection of pathogens like *Escherichia coli O157:H7* at low concentrations remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, portable biosensor for ultrasensitive and selective detection of waterborne pathogens.
  • To enable easy detection and characterization of *Escherichia coli O157:H7* at single cell/mL levels.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional and molecular detection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a nano-dielectrophoretic microfluidic device with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectroscopy.
  • Development of a multiplexing dual recognition SERS scheme for one-step target detection.
  • Simultaneous deployment of three SERS-tagged molecular probes targeting different epitopes.

Main Results:

  • Achieved single-cell level detection of pathogen targets without separating bound from unbound probes.
  • Demonstrated sub-species specificity in a single-step pathogen detection, a novel advancement.
  • The developed biosensor exhibits high sensitivity for detecting *Escherichia coli O157:H7*.

Conclusions:

  • The nano-dielectrophoretic microfluidic device coupled with SERS offers a promising approach for pathogen detection.
  • The self-referencing protocol enables an easy-to-use, field-deployable spectroscopic sensor.
  • Potential for onsite detection of pathogenic microorganisms with high sensitivity and specificity.