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When is cough functional, and how should it be treated?

Miles Weinberger1, Boris Lockshin2

  • 1University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.

Breathe (Sheffield, England)
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Habit cough, a repetitive barking cough in children, is a functional disorder that disappears during sleep. Suggestion therapy is a highly effective treatment for this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • Habit cough is a common cause of chronic cough in children and adolescents.
  • It is characterized by a repetitive, loud, barking cough that significantly impacts quality of life.
  • Unlike organic coughs, habit cough ceases entirely during sleep.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To raise awareness of functional cough as a non-organic symptom in pediatric populations.
  • To define diagnostic criteria for functional cough based on its unique characteristics.
  • To explain the principles of suggestion therapy for treating functional cough.

Main Methods:

  • This study reviews the clinical presentation and natural history of habit cough.
  • It evaluates the efficacy of suggestion therapy, a behavioral approach, in managing this condition.
  • Diagnostic features distinguishing habit cough from other chronic cough etiologies are discussed.

Main Results:

  • Habit cough typically presents in children aged 4 to late adolescence, with a peak incidence between 8 and 14 years.
  • Pharmacological treatments have proven ineffective for habit cough.
  • Suggestion therapy demonstrates high success rates in treating habit cough.

Conclusions:

  • Habit cough is best described as an involuntary cough without an organic cause in children and adolescents.
  • Suggestion therapy is a highly effective and learnable treatment for habit cough.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention with behavioral therapy can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life.