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Neurocognitive Dysfunction According to Hypoperfusion Territory in Patients With Moyamoya Disease

Chang Gu Kang1, Min Ho Chun1, Jung-A Kang1

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
|March 15, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Cerebral hypoperfusion is common in Moyamoya disease (MMD) patients even without focal lesions. Frontal and parietal lobe hypoperfusion correlate with neurocognitive deficits, suggesting its impact on brain function.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder.
  • Cerebral hypoperfusion can occur in MMD, but its relationship with cognitive impairment without focal lesions is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of cerebral hypoperfusion without focal lesions in MMD patients.
  • To investigate the association between hypoperfused brain regions and cognitive dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-six MMD patients underwent brain single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) with acetazolamide challenge.
  • Patients were grouped based on hypoperfusion in frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.
  • Computerized neuropsychological test (CNT) results were compared between groups.

Main Results:

  • Only 3 patients had normal cerebral perfusion; most MMD patients exhibited hypoperfusion.
  • Frontal lobe hypoperfusion was linked to lower scores in various cognitive tests, including attention and memory.
  • Parietal lobe hypoperfusion correlated with deficits in memory and executive function.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebral hypoperfusion is frequent in MMD patients, often without evident focal lesions.
  • Frontal and parietal hypoperfusion are associated with specific neurocognitive deficits.
  • Brain SPECT findings of hypoperfusion, even without lesions, are crucial for understanding cognitive impairment in MMD.
Keywords:
Cerebral hypoperfusionCognitionMoyamoya disease

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