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Motor and Cognitive Developmental Profiles in Children With Down Syndrome
Hyo In Kim1, Seong Woo Kim1, Jiyong Kim1
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
|March 15, 2017
Summary
Children with Down syndrome (DS) develop motor skills at half the typical pace. Associated surgeries negatively impact motor development, but early motor skills do not significantly affect later cognitive function in DS.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Genetics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder associated with developmental delays.
- Understanding motor and cognitive development in children with DS is crucial for early intervention.
- Factors influencing developmental trajectories require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize motor and cognitive development in children with Down syndrome.
- To examine the relationship between motor and cognitive development in this population.
- To identify factors impacting the developmental process in children with DS.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-eight children with Down syndrome (DS) were assessed.
- Motor milestone achievements and medical history were recorded.
- Cognitive abilities were evaluated using the Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (K-WPPSI) and Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II (BSID-II).
Main Results:
- Children with DS exhibited a typical sequence of motor development but at approximately half the speed of typically developing children.
- Surgical interventions for associated complications demonstrated a negative impact on motor development.
- Most children with DS presented with moderate intellectual disability, and motor and cognitive development appeared uncorrelated.
Conclusions:
- Surgical interventions for complications in children with DS may adversely affect motor development.
- Early motor development did not significantly influence later cognitive functioning in children with Down syndrome.
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