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Abnormal brain white matter network in young smokers: a graph theory analysis study.

Yajuan Zhang^1,2, Min Li^1,2, Ruonan Wang^1,2

¹School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710071, People's Republic of China.

Brain Imaging and Behavior

|March 15, 2017

Summary

Young smokers show altered brain network organization, with changes in white matter (WM) integrity and connectivity. These findings suggest potential neural mechanisms underlying smoking behavior at a network level.

Keywords:

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)Graph theory analysis (GTA)White matter (WM)Young smokers

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neuroscience
Addiction Research

Background:

Previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have identified white matter (WM) integrity abnormalities in specific fiber bundles in smokers.
However, the topological organization of the WM structural network in young smokers remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the topological organization of the WM structural network in young male smokers compared to nonsmokers.
To explore the relationship between WM network alterations, nicotine dependence severity, and smoking habits.

Main Methods:

Acquired DTI datasets from 58 young male smokers and 51 matched nonsmokers.
Constructed WM networks using deterministic fiber tracking and analyzed using graph theory.
Employed network-based statistic (NBS) to identify significant differences in FA-weighted WM connections.

Main Results:

Both groups exhibited small-world topology in their WM networks.
Young smokers displayed abnormal topological organization, including increased network strength, global efficiency, and decreased shortest path length.
Increased nodal efficiency was observed in the frontal cortex, striatum, and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) in smokers.
Significant increases in FA-weighted WM connections were found in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), ACG, and supplementary motor area (SMA).
Network parameters correlated with nicotine dependence severity (FTND) and cigarette consumption (CPD).

Conclusions:

Young smokers exhibit distinct alterations in WM network topological organization compared to nonsmokers.
These findings suggest that smoking impacts brain structural connectivity at a network level, potentially contributing to addiction mechanisms.
The study provides insights into the neural underpinnings of smoking behavior from a network perspective.