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Twelve-Week Exercise Influences Memory Complaint but not Memory Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled

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    Different exercises improved memory complaint but not memory performance in older adults after a 12-week program. This suggests exercise impacts subjective memory experience more than objective recall.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Exercise Science
    • Cognitive Psychology

    Background:

    • Aging is often associated with changes in memory function and an increase in memory complaints.
    • The impact of different exercise modalities on cognitive function in older adults is an area of ongoing research.
    • Understanding the relationship between subjective memory complaints and objective memory performance is crucial for interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of resistance, cardiovascular, and postural exercise interventions on memory performance and memory complaints in community-dwelling older adults.
    • To determine if exercise interventions correlate with improvements in objective memory tests or subjective memory complaints.

    Main Methods:

    • Eighty community-dwelling older adults (mean age ~67 years) were randomized into four groups: resistance exercise, cardiovascular exercise, postural exercise, and a control group.
    • Participants underwent a 12-week intervention program.
    • Cognitive function was assessed before and after the intervention using the Rey memory words test, Prose memory test, and the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q).

    Main Results:

    • All three exercise groups (resistance, cardiovascular, postural) showed statistically significant improvements in Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q) scores compared to the control group (p < .05).
    • No significant correlation was found between changes in MAC-Q scores and changes in scores on the Rey memory words test or Prose memory test.
    • The 12-week interventions primarily affected subjective memory complaints, not objective measures of memory performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Twelve-week exercise interventions, including resistance, cardiovascular, and postural training, positively influence memory complaints in older adults.
    • Exercise appears to impact the subjective experience of memory rather than objective memory recall abilities in this population.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex relationship between memory complaint and memory performance and the factors influencing it.