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Related Concept Videos

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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
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Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
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Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Proteoglycans are extensively glycosylated proteins, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, interwoven with collagen fibers. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers associated with large amounts of proteoglycans. These proteoglycans have long negative charges that attract cations, which in turn attract water molecules. This influx of ions and water molecules swells up the proteoglycan like a water-soaked gel that can...
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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Cell adhesion pattern created by OSTE polymers.

Wenjia Liu1, Yiyang Li, Xianting Ding

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China.

Biofabrication
|March 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a new method using 3D printing and soft-lithography to create patterned surfaces with off-stoichiometry thiol-ene (OSTE) polymers. These engineered surfaces control cell adhesion for micro/nanofabrication and cell-material interface applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Surface Engineering
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Functional polymer surfaces are vital for micro/nanofabrication and cell-material interactions.
  • Controlling cell adhesion on specific surface areas is essential for various applications.
  • Off-stoichiometry thiol-ene (OSTE) polymers offer tunable properties for surface engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fabrication protocol for creating heterogeneous OSTE polymer surfaces.
  • To investigate the influence of functional groups and surface hydrophilicity on cell adhesion.
  • To demonstrate precise control over cell attachment patterns on engineered surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3D printing and soft-lithography to fabricate OSTE polymer surfaces.
  • Employed two OSTE polymers with distinct functional groups to create patterned adhesion.
  • Incorporated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and plasma treatment to modify surface hydrophilicity.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created OSTE surfaces with patterned cell adhesion capabilities.
  • Demonstrated that cell adhesion is tunable by controlling functional group ratios and hydrophilicity.
  • Showed that PEG incorporation and oxygen plasma treatment significantly enhance OSTE polymer hydrophilicity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed OSTE polymer fabrication protocol enables precise control over cell adhesion patterns.
  • Surface properties, specifically functional group ratio and hydrophilicity, are key determinants of cell adhesion.
  • This method provides a versatile platform for advanced cell-material interface engineering and micro/nanofabrication.