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Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

3.5K
The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
3.5K
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

13.0K
Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
13.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
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[Implantable Bone Conduction and Active Middle Ear Devices].

Markus Pirlich, Andreas Dietz, Sylvia Meuret

    Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie
    |March 15, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    For individuals with hearing loss unsuitable for traditional hearing aids, implantable hearing systems offer a modern solution. These advanced devices significantly improve speech understanding and quality of life by bypassing limitations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Audiology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Neurosurgery

    Background:

    • Conventional hearing aids are ineffective for some patients due to audiological or anatomical constraints.
    • Implantable hearing systems provide an alternative therapeutic approach for severe hearing loss.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To categorize and describe various semi- or fully-implantable hearing systems.
    • To highlight the potential benefits of these systems for patient quality of life.

    Main Methods:

    • Classification of implantable hearing systems based on their mechanism of action: active middle ear implants, bone conduction devices, cochlear implants, and auditory brainstem implants.
    • Emphasis on the importance of precise indication criteria and anatomical considerations.

    Main Results:

    • Active middle ear implants stimulate auditory ossicles or the round window.
    • Bone conduction devices use direct skull stimulation.
    • Cochlear implants and auditory brainstem implants bypass peripheral structures for direct neural stimulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Careful patient selection based on audiological and anatomical factors is crucial.
    • Implantable hearing systems can lead to substantial improvements in comfort and speech comprehension.
    • These advancements significantly enhance the quality of life for eligible patients.